Rational Use of Diuretics and Pathophysiology of Edema
نویسندگان
چکیده
The use of diuretics for therapeutic purposes is not new. They were used for the treatment of dropsy as early as 16th century. Diuretic drugs increase urine output by the kidney by altering sodium handling. Increased sodium excretion by kidneys leads to increase in water excretion. Most diuretics produce diuresis by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium at different segments of the renal tubular system. Diuretic use in clinical practice spans conditions like edema, hypertension, metabolic acidosis and hyperkalemia. Patients with nephropathy or heart failure may have a 10 to 30% increase in extracellular and blood volume, even in the absence of overt edema1.
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